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''A Musical Joke'' (in German: ') K. 522, (Divertimento for two horns and string quartet) is a composition by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart; the composer entered it in his ''ドイツ語:Verzeichnis aller meiner Werke'' (''Catalogue of All My Works'') on June 14, 1787. Commentators have opined that the piece's purpose is satirical – that "() harmonic and rhythmic gaffes serve to parody the work of incompetent composers" – though Mozart himself is not known to have revealed his actual intentions. ==Structure and compositorial elements== The piece comprises four movements, using forms shared with many classical divertimenti: # Allegro (sonata form) # Menuetto and trio # Adagio cantabile # Presto (sonata rondo form) Compositorial comedic devices include: *asymmetrical phrasing, not phrasing by groups of four measures, at the beginning of the first movement; *secondary dominants where subdominant chords are required; *discords in the horns; *whole tone scales in the violin's high register; *a pathetic attempt at a fugato, in the last movement. The piece is notable for one of the earliest known uses of polytonality (though not the earliest, as Heinrich Ignaz Franz Biber's ''Battalia'' used Polytonality), creating the gesture of complete collapse at the finale. This may be intended to produce the impression of grossly out-of-tune string playing, since the horns alone conclude in the tonic key. The lower strings behave as if the tonic has become B-flat, while the violins and violas switch to G major, A major and E-flat major, respectively. Asymmetrical phrasing, whole-tone scales, and polytonality are foreign to music of the classical era. However, these became common for early 20th-century composers like Claude Debussy and Igor Stravinsky, who were searching for a new musical language. In this later context, these were legitimate new techniques in serious music. In Mozart's time, however, these non-classical elements gave the piece its comedy, expressing the composer's humor. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「A Musical Joke」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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